Download PDF What Darwin Got Wrong

Download PDF What Darwin Got Wrong

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What Darwin Got Wrong

Download PDF What Darwin Got Wrong

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Review

“[The] work acts as an important warning to those of us who think we understand natural selection.” ―Oliver Burkeman, The Guardian“What Darwin Got Wrong is a trenchant, entertaining assault on the very basis of contemporary evolutionary theory.” ―Kenan Malik, Literary Review“[Fodor and Piattelli-Palmarini] make a persuasive case that the role of natural selection in evolution is ripe for reassessment. To say so should not be seen as scientific heresy or capitulation to the forces of unreason--it is a brave and welcome challenge.” ―Philip Ball, The Sunday Times (London)“[A] powerful little book . . . This book is, of course, fighting stuff, sure to be contested by those at whom it is aimed. On the face of things, however, it strikes an outsider as an overdue and valuable onslaught on neo-Darwinist simplicities.” ―Mary Midgley, The Guardian“Philosopher Fodor and cognitive scientist Piattelli-Palmarini challenge Darwinism more effectively than the entire creationist/intelligent-design movement has . . . Many may find this the hardest, absolutely essential reading they've ever done.” ―Ray Olson, Booklist“A challenging, intriguing argument that poses important scientific and philosophical questions about evolution . . . Fodor and Piattelli-Palmarini take a brave stance that will likely draw reaction . . . from across the scientific and theological spectrum. A dense, scholarly, engaging testament to modern scientific thinking and its ability to adapt and evolve.” ―Kirkus Reviews“From the shocking title onward, Fodor and Piattelli-Palmarini have set the cat among Darwin's pigeons. In arguing why the operation of natural selection says nothing about the causal mechanisms underlying the evolution of coextensive traits in an organism, they take us to the conceptual fault line at the heart of Darwin's theory. My prediction is that Fodor and Piattelli-Palmarini's book will raise hackles galore wherever the theory of natural selection is all too glibly misused, not only in studies of the ontogeny and phylogeny of biology, but also in those great overlapping disciplines of philosophy, psychology, linguistics, and behavior--in short, human nature. This book will set the agenda for years to come. It cannot be ignored if the study of evolution is to be honest with itself.” ―Gabriel Dover, Professor of Evolutionary Genetics, Universities of Leicester and Cambridge, and author of Dear Mr. Darwin: Letters on the Evolution of Life and Human Nature“Evolution needs a persuasive theory if the struggle for public acceptance is to be won. Jerry Fodor and Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini's bold treatise, What Darwin Got Wrong, convincingly shows that natural selection is not that theory. Drawing on scientific literature spanning the molecular, behavioral, and cognitive scales, with sophisticated excursions into evolutionary-developmental biology and the physics of complex systems, the authors perform a philosophical dismantling of the standard model of evolutionary change that is likely irreversible. Their unambiguous grounding in the factuality of evolution renders this work a service to science and a setback for its opponents.” ―Stuart Newman, Professor of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College“In this provocative, enlightening, and very entertaining book, Fodor and Piattelli-Palmarini argue that natural selection (NS) cannot explain how evolution occurs. The argument is largely conceptual and proceeds in two steps: (1) that theories of NS are conceptually parallel to Skinnerian theories of learning and so share most of the same debilitating problems, and (2) that NS is actually in worse conceptual shape when its central explanatory notion, ‘selecting for,' is properly unpacked. This argument will annoy a lot of important people, both for its conclusion and for the evident delight the authors display in getting to it. The ensuing fireworks should be delightful, and (possibly) enlightening.” ―Norbert Hornstein, Professor of Linguistics, University of Maryland“This highly informative and carefully argued study develops two central theses. First, there are alternatives to classical neo-Darwinian adaptationist theories that are plausible, and very possibly capture principles that are the rule rather than the exception even if the basic adaptationist account is accepted. Second, that account cannot be accepted. The two theses are sufficiently independent so that they can be evaluated separately. Whatever the outcome of intellectual engagement with this stimulating work, it is sure to be a most rewarding experience.” ―Noam Chomsky

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About the Author

Jerry Fodor is a professor of philosophy and cognitive science at Rutgers University.Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini started his academic career as a biophysicist and molecular biologist and is now a professor of cognitive science at the University of Arizona.

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Product details

Paperback: 320 pages

Publisher: Picador Paper; Reprint edition (March 1, 2011)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 9780312680664

ISBN-13: 978-0312680664

ASIN: 031268066X

Product Dimensions:

5.5 x 0.8 x 8.2 inches

Shipping Weight: 1 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

3.6 out of 5 stars

42 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#1,273,243 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

Although after the first chapter I was going to quit reading, I continued and I'm happy I did it. The aggressive tone of the authors may wash up your motivation when you first start reading. Also you immediately understand that you can't read this book as a novel but more like studying a textbook. If you manage to ignore these and give it some time, then you'll enjoy an educational discussion. I'm just interested in biology but have no formal education in that field. After books like Selfish gene and Ernst Mayer articles, this book helped me having a broader insight into the subject. Not being a biologist every single argument of this book (Free rider traits, Plasticity, transitivity, the loop in adaptationism and ...) seemed convincing to me, yet after talking about them with my biologist colleagues, seemed to me that many of these topics were already in debate. Personally I found this book informative and to some good extent convincing, yet I'm not a biologist and I need to read more of these genre.

This is an excellent review and criticof the theory of evolution based on natural selection. Execllent examples are given of alternative explanations of the evolutionary process. Whether one agrees or not with the authors; I found the book expands my knowledge base and is well written narrative.

The thesis and argument of this book intrigue me no end, but not because it's about evolution, which neither the authors nor I question for a moment. The interest for me, and I suspect at least for Fodor, is at the purely meta-theoretical level: How could Darwinism have seemed so enticing all these years while yet being practically vacuous? Philosophers have suspected something fishy all along; but at the same time we have reveled in Darwinism. I still have no doubt whatever that Darwin was a great scientist. But the point of this book - far more arcane for the layperson than the title might suggest, and even a matter of relative indifference to practicing biologists, but crucial for philosophers of biology - is that natural selection is at best a minor player in the explanation of speciation and at worst an empty if not incoherent notion.Incoherent because calling a natural process "selection" repeats the very error of the religionists that Darwinism supposedly exploded, namely, that there is purposiveness in the physical universe. But aside from the name, the process of trait survival via a mutation's superior suitability for a given environment turns out to be only one of many, maybe very very many, mechanisms that biology has discovered to be instrumental in producing the creatures who inhabit the Earth. None of this throws any cold water on science or on physical determinism, only on the claims that (1) (so-called) natural selection is the primary mover of evolution and (2) this process merits the name (natural) "selection." As I say, (2) is a somewhat esoteric point (albeit exquisitely interesting to folks like me), while (1) is no news at all to practicing biologists, according to the authors of this book.I share the authors' amazement and distress that this book has been pilloried by so many people who should know better. However, the authors do not help their case by having written this book in such a shorthand way. It's really quite sloppily, even illogically organized in places, and makes little to no effort to explain various technical material for the lay reader, especially the biology, instead relying on catalogs of quotations of dubious value or import. I am now impatient for a better writer to make the same case.

This book is written by two academicians, who review the biological literature on evolution. Both are atheists, and they reject two key arguments:1) They reject the theory that natural selection is the only or sole force for evolution through adaptation -- the sole explainer. Some of the literature review is slow going... endogenous genetic structures that determine change differently than mere exogenous closeness of fit, change without adaptive fit or pure natural selection; mathematical forms impinging on the way creatures and plants develop, once again a non-natural selection constraint on the ways that species change over time. They argue that modern biologists, in their work, are moving away from pure natural selection and towards a mixed endogenous/exogenous model of the way biological change occurs, and that this renders natural selection and neo-Darwinism incorrect, from a biological perspective.2) They then move on in relatively oblique fashion to the philosophical uses of neo-Darwinism to explain physics, the world, and the idea of a pan-evolutionary theory of existence. If natural selection does not explain everything of biological change, just some things... then it cannot arguably explain everything of physics or material physical existence. For example, if mathematical forms (spiral development in shells, the way that buds are mathematically dispersed on branches as a function of distance from hormone secreting cells) explain some of animal and plant development, then isn't the material and physical universe, as a matter of physics, only partly explained by evolution.As atheists, they do not in any way argue that this allows room for God, creation, or such. But they do confront the argument that "evolution explains everything you need to know, there is no need for anything else, God, etc" by clarifying that evolutionary theory does not explain everything about how animals and plants change, much less how mathematics and physics constrain material reality. Much less human psychology.As a result, they expose the way evolution has been allowed to appear as settled by scientists who do not want to encourage creationism, and how this has stalled the discussion. As a result, license has been given to the Dawkinsian argument that somehow evolution explains all of the material, physical, and psychological/spiritual world. The authors conclude that if natural selection is not the sole or total explainer of evolution, then evolution cannot be the total explainer of all of existence. This is, then, an argument that the model of neo-Darwinian evolution is redolent of the hubris of scientism...This book will no doubt encourage those who see a clear ancillary argument as follows: Any argument that exposes the limits of scientific explanation opens the door for supernatural explanations. This would be simplistic, it is not argued by the authors... yet there it is. I would say that the first part of the statement, that science has limitations, is made clear by this excellent tour through the complexities and limits of evolutionary theory -- a theory that is not rejected, just conditioned by facts on the ground, the work of scientists.This book could have been more readable, more accessible, and more clear as to what the authors are actually arguing. I think I have extracted the gist of the book, and I found this quite interesting, except for some of the sloggy writing. The worst is their analogy between Skinnerian psychology and evolution: this is abstruse, and the analogy is stretched, even if accurate. Got it, both theories embrace simplistic models that exclude complexity. We get it, bot have mechanistic operations at their heart that are belied by both data and common sense. Moving along...

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